安装Running a MacOS Catalina 10.15 VM in ProxMox VE

1. Download a MacOS Catalina .iso Download
2. Download KVM OpenCore bootloader Download
3. Extract the downloaded KVM OpenCore bootloader .gz file
4. Upload the Catalina and KVM OpenCore .iso files to the Proxmox ISO library
5. Log into the ProxMox web UI
6. Right click the ProxMox node name > Create VM
7. Type MacOSCatalina in the name field, set the VM ID to 1000 (unless 1000 is in use) > Next
8. On the OS tab, set the Type field to Other and select the KVM OpenCore .iso in the ISO Image field > Next
9. On the System tab, set the Graphic card field to VMware compatible, BIOS field to OVMF (UEFI), Check the Add EFI Disk checkbox, Uncheck the Pre-Enroll Keys checkbox, Machine field to q35 and the SCSI Controller to VirtIO SCSI > Next
10. On the Hard Disk tab, set the Bus/Device field to VirtIO Block, Disk size field to 64, Cache field to Write back (unsafe) > Next
11. On the CPU tab, set Cores field to 4, Type field to Penryn > Next
12. On the Memory tab, set the Memory to 4096 > Next
13. On the Network tab, set the Model field to VMware vmxnet3 > Next
14. Verify the summary and click Finish
15. Click the MacOSCatalina VM > Select Hardware from the left sub-navigation menu
16. Click Add > CD/DVD Drive
17. Select the MacOS Catalina .iso downloaded earlier > Click Create
18. Select the MacOSCatalina VM > Options > Boot Order
19. Set the KVM OpenCore disk as the first boot option > Click OK
20. Right click the ProxMox node name > Console
21. Run the following commands in the terminal
    # edit the VM conf file, change 1000 to the VM ID for the Catalina VM
    nano /etc/pve/qemu-server/1000.conf
22. If running on an Intel CPU, add the following line to the bottom of the .conf file:

    args: -device isa-applesmc,osk="ourhardworkbythesewordsguardedpleasedontsteal(c)AppleComputerInc" -smbios type=2 -device usb-kbd,bus=ehci.0,port=2 -cpu host,kvm=on,vendor=GenuineIntel,+kvm_pv_unhalt,+kvm_pv_eoi,+hypervisor,+invtsc

23. If running on an AMD CPU, add the following line to the bottom of the .conf file:

    args: -device isa-applesmc,osk="ourhardworkbythesewordsguardedpleasedontsteal(c)AppleComputerInc" -smbios type=2 -device usb-kbd,bus=ehci.0,port=2 -cpu Penryn,kvm=on,vendor=GenuineIntel,+kvm_pv_unhalt,+kvm_pv_eoi,+hypervisor,+invtsc,+pcid,+ssse3,+sse4.2,+popcnt,+avx,+avx2,+aes,+fma,+fma4,+bmi1,+bmi2,+xsave,+xsaveopt,check

24. Press CTRL+W and search for ,media=cdrom
25. Delete the ,media=cdrom from the two attached .iso files (KVM OpenCore and Catalina) and add cache=unsafe
26. Press CTRL+O, Enter, CTRL+X to write the changes to the conf file
27. Back in the Proxmox web UI, right click the MacOSCatalina VM in the left navigation pane > Start
28. Click console in the left sub-navigation menu
29. At the OpenCore menu, select UEFI Shell > Press Enter
30. Type the following in the UEFI shell:
    # change to the Catalina .iso, the disk number may be different for you
    fs0:
    # launch the MacOS installer
    System\Library\CoreServices\boot.efi
31. After a long initialization sequence the MAC OS Setup should start
32. Select Disk Utility
33. Select the VIRTIO Block Media > Click Erase
34. Name the drive MacOS > Set the Format to APFS > Click Erase
35. Click Done > Close Disk Utility
36. Click Install macOS
37. Click Continue > Click Agree > Click Agree again
38. Select the MacOS disk > Click Install
39. Wait while Mac OS installs files, the VM will reboot several times
40. Select your Country > Click Continue
41. Confirm your languages and keyboard layout > Click Continue
42. Click Continue on the Data & Privacy screen
43. Select Don't transfer any information now > Click Continue
44. Select Set Up Later > Click Continue > Click Skip
45. Click Agree > Agree again
46. Enter a name, user name, password > Click Continue
47. Click Customize Settings
48. Click Continue > Select Use or Don't Use for Location Services
49. Pick a timezone > Click Continue
50. Uncheck the Send Mac Analytics box > Click Continue
51. Click Set Up Later on the Screen Time screen
52. Uncheck the Enable Ask Siri box > Click Continue
53. Pick a theme > Click Continue
54. Welcome to MacOS 10.15 Catalina

Configuring Booting Without OpenCore Mounted

1. Log into the MacOSCatalina VM
2. Launch a web browser and download the KVM OpenCore EFI folder Download
3. Download MountEFI from GitHub Download
4. Start LaunchPad from the dock
5. Search terminal > Click Terminal to launch it
6. Run the following commands in the terminal window
   cd ~/Downloads/MountEFI
   chmod +x MountEFI.command
   ./MountEFI.command
7. Enter the number that corresponds to the MacOS drive created during the installation > Press Enter
8. Open a Finder window
9. Navigate to the mounted EFI location
10. If an existing EFI folder exists, rename the it to EFI.orig
11. Copy the KVM OpenCoreEFI folder downloaded earlier to the mounted EFI partition
12. Once the EFI folder is copied, shutdown the VM
13. Click the MacOSCatalina VM > Select Hardware from the left sub-navigation menu
14. Click the OpenCore Hard Disk to select it > Click Detach
15. Click the detached OpenCore Hard Disk to select it again > Click Remove
16. Right click the MacOSCatalina VM in the left navigation pane > Start
17. Click console in the left sub-navigation menu to verify the VM still boots into Catalina without the OpenCore disc image mounted