{"id":2570,"date":"2023-03-22T17:03:41","date_gmt":"2023-03-22T11:33:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/?p=2570"},"modified":"2023-03-22T17:16:16","modified_gmt":"2023-03-22T11:46:16","slug":"how-to-create-and-use-virtual-hard-disk-in-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/how-to-create-and-use-virtual-hard-disk-in-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Create and Use Virtual Hard Disk in Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) is a file that behaves like a physical Hard Disk. Like Hard Disk, it can be mounted to a computer. Like Hard Disk, it can be formatted with any file system. For example, you can have an EXT4 VHD on an NTFS-formatted Hard Disk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are many applications for Virtual Hard Disks. Personally, I use it for <a href=\"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/backup-and-restore-your-computer-using-rsync\/\">backing up my linux device<\/a> in an NTFS partition. As you might already know, unlike ext4, NTFS cannot store all of a file&#8217;s metadata (ex &#8211; permissions, execution bits, timestamps, etc.). So, I have created a VHD formatted with EXT4 inside an NTFS partition. For some reason, I cannot reformat my NTFS partition with ext4 because I don&#8217;t want to lose my data and at the same time, I also want to mount that with my Windows OS. Now, I use this Virtual Hard Disk to backup my Linux device without losing any metadata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, I will talk about how to create it and how you can mount that manually and automatically during the system boot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Table of Contents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#steps_to_create_virtual_hard_disk\">Steps to create Virtual Hard Disk<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#step_1_use_command_dd_to_create_a_file\">Step 1: Use the command dd to create a file<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#step_2_format_the_file_with_the_desired_file_system\">Step 2: Format the file with the desired file system<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#step_3_mount_the_virtual_hard_disk\">Step 3: Mount the Virtual Hard Disk<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"steps_to_create_virtual_hard_disk\">Steps to create Virtual Hard Disk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step_1_use_command_dd_to_create_a_file\">Step 1: Use the command dd to create a file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The command <code>dd<\/code> is available in all Linux distros. Generally, <a href=\"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/how-to-install-arch-linux-and-support-graphics\/#1-1-create-bootable-drive-using-linux-commands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dd is used to create Live Boot Media<\/a>. You can also use it to create Virtual Hard Disks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo dd if=\/dev\/zero of=&lt;path_to_virtual_hard_disk&gt; bs=&lt;bytes&gt; count=&lt;count&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Where, <code>&lt;path_to_virtual_hard_disk><\/code> is the path to a virtual hard disk; <code>dd<\/code> reads <code>&lt;bytes><\/code> at a time and it copies only <code>&lt;count><\/code> input blocks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, for <strong>example<\/strong>, to create a VHD of size 56 gigs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/mnt\/crucial\/linux_backup.img bs=1G count=56<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step_2_format_the_file_with_the_desired_file_system\">Step 2: Format the file with the desired file system<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Like any other hard disk partition, this file can be formatted. To format it with the ext4 file system, execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo mkfs -t &lt;file_system_type&gt; &lt;virtual hard disk&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>So, for the above <strong>example<\/strong>, to format it with ext4, it will be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 \/mnt\/crucial\/linux_backup.img<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step_3_mount_the_virtual_hard_disk\">Step 3: Mount the Virtual Hard Disk<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In step 2, your VHD is prepared. Go ahead, and try to <a href=\"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/how-to-mount-a-drive-in-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mount\/unmount<\/a> it, it will work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo mount -o loop &lt;path_to_virtual_hard_disk&gt; &lt;location_to_mount&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, to mount it in the directory <code>\/mnt\/VHD\/<\/code>, first create the directory, and then mount it using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo mount -t auto -o loop \/mnt\/crucial\/VHD.img \/mnt\/VHD\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Where, <code>-o<\/code> in the <code>mount<\/code> command is used to supply all the options you want. You can learn these <a href=\"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/how-to-create-fstab-entry-in-linux\/#fourth_field_in_the_fstab_in_linux\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mount options<\/a> in my fstab article. <code>loop<\/code> is used to mount the file to the loop device (<code>\/dev\/loopn<\/code>) where n is the next remaining loop number. You can use <code>loop=\/dev\/loop0<\/code> to mount at the <code>loop0<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, you can check whether the virtual hard disk is mounted or not using the <code>lsblk<\/code> command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ lsblk --list        \nNAME      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS\nloop0       7:0    0    56G  0 loop \/mnt\/VHD\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To <strong>mount the VHD automatically during the boot<\/strong>, create a <a href=\"https:\/\/smarttech101.com\/how-to-create-fstab-entry-in-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fstab<\/a> entry. For that open the fstab file using your favorite text editor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ sudo nvim \/etc\/fstab<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>And add the following line at the end:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&lt;path_to_virtual_hard_disk&gt;    &lt;location_to_mount&gt; &lt;file_system_type&gt;  &lt;mount_options&gt; 0   0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>For the above <strong>examples<\/strong>, this fstab line will look like the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/mnt\/crucial\/linux_backup.img    \/mnt\/VHD    ext4    defaults,nofail 0   0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s all folks. This was the basic introduction to virtual hard disk and how to use it. If you have any queries or suggestions put them in the comment section below.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here, I will give you basic introduction of Virtual Hard Disk (VHD), how to create it, mount\/unmount it and how I use it personally.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2577,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[35],"class_list":["post-2570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux-desktop-tools","tag-core-linux-utilities"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Create and Use Virtual Hard Disk in Linux | SmartTech101<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Here, I will give you basic introduction of Virtual Hard Disk (VHD), how to create it, mount\/unmount it and how I use it personally.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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