Centos6.6 安装操作手册(包括安装vmware-tools GCC LVM)

Instructions:

• http://downloads.vmware.com/d/info/desktop_downloads/vmware_player/3_0

Instructions:

• http://wiki.centos.org/Download
• On the CentOS-6 Row, Click on i386.

Instructions:

• Choose a Mirror

• Instructions:
  • Click on CentOS-6.6-i386-bin-DVD1.iso
  • Click the Save File radio button
  • Click the OK button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Navigate to wherever you want to save the CentOS-6.6 ISO.
    • In my case, I am saving the ISO to my external USB E: Drive.
    • E.g., E:\CentOS-6.6\
  • Click the Save Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Start Button
  • Type “vmware player” in the search box
  • Click on VMware Player
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on Home
  • Click on Create a New Virtual Machine
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select the radio button “I will install the operating system later”
  • Click Next
• Note(FYI):
  • Normally, you would select “Install disc image file (iso)”, but unfortunately VMware Player will attempt to do an easy install.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Guest operating system:  Linux
  • Version: CentOS
  • Select Next

• Instructions:
  • Virtual machine name: CentOS-6.6
  • Location: E:\CentOS-6.6
    • In my case, I saved it to my USB drive.
  • Click the Next Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Make the disk size to 20 GB.
  • Select the radio button name Store virtual disk as a single file.
  • Select Next.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select the Customize Hardware Button.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on Memory.
  • Up the memory to 1 GB
  • Do NOT Click the Close Button, we still have more to configure.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on CD/DVD.
  • Select the radio button “Use ISO image file:”
  • Click the Browse Button, and navigate to the CentOS-6.6-i386-bin-DVD1.iso and double click on it.
• Note(FYI):
  • Do NOT Click the Close Button, we still have more to configure.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on Network Adapter
  • Selected the Bridged radio button.
  • Now, you can click the Close button.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Finish Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on the CentOS-6.6 VM
  • Click on Play virtual machine
• 

• Instructions:
  • Scroll up to “Install or upgrade an existing system” and press <Enter>
• 

• Instructions:
  • Right Arrow to the Skip Box and press <Enter>
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Next Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select English (English)
  • Click Next
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select English.
  • Click Next
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select Basic Storage Devices
  • Select Next
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the “Yes, discard any data” Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Hostname: centos66
  • Click the Next Button.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select the time zone of your choice.
  • Select Next.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Root Password:  <Supply A Strong Root Password>
  • Confirm: <Re-Enter the previous Root Password>
  • Click the Next Button
• Note(FYI):
  • At least 8 characters
  • Alpha-Numeric
  • Uppercase and Lowercase
  • Symbols (!@#$%^&*, etc)
• 

• Instructions:
  • Select Create Custom Layout
  • Click the Next Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on the Free Space under the SDA Hard Drive
  • Click the Create Button
    • This will pop up a Create Storage window
  • Click on the Radio Button “Standard Partition”
  • Click on the Create Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Mount: /boot
  • File System Type: ext4 or ext2
    • ext2 is sufficient if you do not think your /boot file system will change.  For class purposes use ext4.
  • Size: 500 (300 MB minimum)
  • Addition Size Options: Select the Fixed size radio button
  • Click OK
• Note(FYI):
  • The /boot partition holds the kernel and other data the system needs when it boots; it cannot be under the control of LVM.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on the Free Space under the SDA Hard Drive
  • Click the Create Button
    • This will pop up a Create Storage window
  • Click on the Radio Button “Standard Partition”
  • Click on the Create Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Mount: /
  • File System Type: ext4
  • Size: 4000 (Recommend: (3.0 GB – 5.0 GB)
  • Additional Size Options: Select the Fixed size radio button
  • Click OK
• Note(FYI):
  • Any file systems that are not created as a separate partition will become automatically part of the root(/) filesystem.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on the Free Space under the SDA Hard Drive
  • Click the Create Button
    • This will pop up a Create Storage window
  • Click on the Radio Button “Standard Partition”
  • Click on the Create Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • File System Type: swap
  • Size: 3000 (Swap should double memory).
    • Currently, 1 GB is allocated to memory.  Only a maximum of 1.5 GB can be allocated to memory, since swap is 3000 MB or 3 GB
  • Additional Size Options: Select the Fixed size radio button
  • Click OK.
• Note(FYI):
  • Linux temporarily stores programs and data on a swap partition when it does not have enough RAM to hold all the information during processing.  Also, swap is used when your hibernate the system.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on the Free Space under the SDA Hard Drive
  • Click the Create Button
    • This will pop up a Create Storage window
  • Click on the Radio Button “LVM Physical Volume”
  • Click on the Create Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Additional Size Options: “Fill to maximum allowable size” radio button
  • Click OK
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click on the sda5 physical volume
  • Click the Create Button
    • This will pop up a Create Storage window
  • Click on the Radio Button “LVM Volume Group”
  • Click on the Create Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Add Button
  • Mount: /usr
  • Size: 4500 (4 to 16 GB)
  • Click OK
• Note(FYI):
  • The size of /usr depends on the number of software packages you install
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Add Button
  • Mount: /home
  • Size: 2000
  • Click OK
• Note(FYI):
  • Size depends on the number of users on the machine and the type of work they do.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Add Button
  • Mount: /tmp
  • Size: 1000 (Minimum 500 MB)
  • Click OK
• Note(FYI):
  • Temporary files such as *.pid files reside here.  For most Linux and Unix operating systems, data is not preserved between reboots.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Add Button
  • Mount: /var
  • Size: 4000 (Required minimum is 500 MB; however, Apache and MySQL is typically installed under /var).
  • Click OK, in the Make Logical Volume
  • Click OK, in the Make Logical Volume Group
• Note(FYI):
  • /var is short for variable.  Data in this partition changes frequently.
    • /var/www/html – Where Apache Web Pages are stored.
    • /var/log – Where the system log messages are stored.
    • /var/mail – Where mail is stored
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • Both /boot and / are fixed file systems which cannot be changed.
  • /home, /usr, /tmp, and /var are LVM file systems which can be increased or decreased in size.
• Instructions:
  • Click the Next Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Format Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Write changes to disk Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Check the Install boot loader checkbox
  • Click the Next Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Desktop radio button
  • Click the Customize later radio button
  • Click the Next Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Desktop radio button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Reboot button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click the Forward Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Click “Yes, I agree to the License Agreement”
  • Click the Forward Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Username: student
    • Do not change “student”, since this account is required for future labs.
  • Full Name: Security Student
    • Replace Security Student with your actual full name.
    • e.g., John Gray
  • Password:  <Supply A Strong Password>
  • Confirm: <Re-Enter the previous Password>
  • Click the Forward Button
• Note(FYI):
  • At least 8 characters
  • Alpha-Numeric
  • Uppercase and Lowercase
  • Symbols (!@#$%^&*, etc)
• 

• Instructions:
  • Adjust the Date and Time and click the Forward Button
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • CentOS 6 requires 4 GB of RAM.  Since, we only reserved 1 GB of memory for this virtual machine, you will receive and error message “Insufficient memory to auto-enable kdump”.
• Instructions:
  • Click the OK Button in the Insufficient memory warning window.
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • After clicking the Finish Button your machine will immediately reboot
• Instructions:
  • Click the Finish Button
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • Until you click the user, in this case Security Student, the Password field will not be displayed.
• Instructions:
  • Click on Security Student
    • This will display the password text box.
  • Supply its’ password
  • Click the Log In Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Press the <Ctrl> and <Alt> keys
    • The will bring mouse focus back to your host machine
  • Click on Player –> Manage –> Install VMware Tools…
• 

• Instructions:
  • Applications –> System Tools –> Terminal
• 

• Instructions:
  • su – root
  • Password: <Supply the root password>
  • df -k
• Note(FYI):
  • su – root, means switch user to root.
  • df -k, means to view file system disk space in the block size.
  • Notice, VMware Tools was mounted to /dev/sr0 and is accessible in the directory /media/VMware Tools.
• 

• Instructions:
  • cd /media/VMware\ Tools/
  • ls -lrta
  • cp VMwareTools*gz /var/tmp/
  • cd /var/tmp
  • tar zoxvf VMwareTools*gz
• Note(FYI):
  • cd, means to change directory.
  • ls, means to list the directory contents.
    • -lrta, (l) long listing, (r) in reverse order by (t) time, and show (a) invisible files.
  • cp, means to copy the VMWare Tools bundle to the /var/tmp directory.
  • cd, means to change directory to the /var/tmp directory
  • tar, means to uncompress or compress files or directories.  In our case we are going to uncompress the VMware Tools Bundle.
    • zoxvf, (x) means to extract and (z) unzip the (f) file in (v) verbose mode while keeping the same (o) ownerships.
• 

• Instructions:
  • cd vmware-tools-distrib/
  • perl vmware-install.pl default
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • Scroll towards the bottom of the output for a completion message.
  • In order for “all” of the vmware tool features to be invoked we will later reboot the machine in a later step.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Press the <Ctrl> and <Alt> keys to bring mouse focus back to the host machine.
  • Player –> Manage –> Virtual Machine Settings…
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • Below we want the Virtual Machine to boot from its’ hard drive instead of the CentOS ISO.
• Instructions:
  • Click on CD/DVD (IDE)
  • Click on the radio button “Use physical drive:”
  • Select “Auto detect”
  • Click the OK Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Applications –> System Tools –> Terminal
• 

• Instructions:
  • su – root
  • Password: <Supply the root password>
  • reboot
• 

• Note(FYI):
  • Until you click the user, in this case Security Student, the Password field will not be displayed.
• Instructions:
  • Click on Security Student
    • This will display the password text box.
  • Supply its’ password
  • Click the Log In Button
• 

• Instructions:
  • Try to resize the Window, by dragging the bottom right corner of the window.  If scroll bar disappear, then you have verified VMware Tools is now installed.
• Note(FYI):
  • If scroll bar disappear, then you have verified VMware Tools is now installed.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Applications –> System Tools –> Terminal
• 

• Instructions:
  • su – root
  • Provide the Root Password
• 

• Instructions:
  • yum list | grep gcc
• Note(FYI):
  • Yum, is the package manager for Fedora, CentOS and RedHat.
  • yum list, displays all the repository packages to the screen
  • | grep gcc, filters the output to only display lines that contains the string gcc.
• 

• Instructions:
  • yum install gcc.i686
  • Is this ok [y/N]: y
  • You will see this question “Is this ok [y/N]:” four more times, please answer “y” to all questions.
• 

• Instructions:
  • Applications –> Terminal
• 

• Instructions:
  • tail -1 /etc/passwd
    • Where “1” is a one.
  • tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 | grep “Filesystem created:”
  • date
  • echo “Your Name”
    • Put in your actual name in place of “Your Name”
    • e.g., echo “John Gray”
• Proof of Lab Instructions
  • Press the <Ctrl> and <Alt> key at the same time.
  • Press the <PrtScn> key.
  • Paste into a word document
  • Upload to Moodle
•